摘要
老年长期照护是我国人口老龄化治理中面临的诸多难题之一。在构建我国老年长期照护体系的过程中,性别议题应该受到充分关注。实证研究表明,老年自理预期寿命具有性别差异:老年女性自理预期寿命总体不如老年男性;低龄老年女性在自理预期寿命的改善方面略有优势;老年女性自理状况的人群队列差异始于更早年龄段。这一研究结论对我国老年长期照护政策制定具有启发意义:应重视老年女性的长期照护需求特征与偏好;应尽快开展面向低龄老年女性的"医、养、教"相结合的健康计划;应加强研究和探索以女性互助为理念的长期照护人力资源供给模式,如盘活社区女性居家养老服务资源、面向女性提供相关知识技能培训等;应优先针对女性制定"全周期、多支柱"的扶持政策。
Long-term care for the elderly has become a serious problem for more and more families.To deal with this problem,it is necessary to pay attention to gender issues as well as the construction of a long-term care system.The empirical study shows that gender differences exist in self-care life expectancy of the elderly population.Firstly,elderly women generally have a shorter self-care life expectancy than that of elderly men.Secondly,the elderly women at the early stage have a slight advantage in improving their self-care life expectancy compared with elderly men.Thirdly,the cohort difference of self-care life expectancy of elderly women starts at an earlier age than that of men.These facts can shed much light on the construction of China’s long-term care system for the elderly.Taking account of the demand-side gender differences at an earlier stage will help improve the institutional efficiency and optimize resource allocation.Besides,it is necessary to explore an efficient HR supply model based on the concept of female mutual assistance by exploiting community resources and providing long-term care knowledge and skills training to women.Moreover,women should enjoy priority in terms of"life-cycle and multi-pillar"supporting policies.
作者
乐昕
黄剑焜
LE Xin;HUANG Jian-kun(School of Marxism,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;Urban Governance Research Center,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《云南民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第1期66-73,共8页
Journal of Yunnan Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
基金
上海市哲学社会科学规划青年课题“上海农村老年消费发展的制约因素、影响路径及应对策略研究”(2018EJB004)阶段成果.
关键词
老年长期照护
自理预期寿命
性别差异
多状态生命表
老龄化
long-term care for the elderly
self-care life expectancy
gender difference
multistate life table
population aging
作者简介
乐昕,复旦大学马克思主义学院讲师,博士。
