摘要
大数据赋能减刑、假释检察,是检察机关对减刑、假释案件开展实质化审查的重要方法,是“检察大数据战略”的重要组成部分,有其独特的立论基础和现实优势,但也存在数据共享不够、数据更新不快、数据应用不多等问题。为积极适应数字检察日新月异的发展需求,要不断强化对大数据赋能减刑、假释监督模型构建和数据分析应用的研究,进一步强化大数据思维对减刑、假释检察的引领。以关联性、真实性、合法性为标准,选择和采集监狱监管执法和法院裁判数据,建立刑罚变更执行“本数据库”以及狱政狱情、罪犯外伤、保外就医等相关的“他数据库”。利用刑期数据、考核分数、漏罪加刑、又犯罪加刑等数据的算法或数据的比对、碰撞以及数据之间的逻辑关系,构建监督模型,依法对减刑、假释案件进行实质性审查,监督纠正“顶格”减刑、“踩点”减刑、刑期计算错误等违规、违法行为,并通过进一步完善证据链条查找违规、违法减刑、假释背后的监管执法机制体制、职务犯罪等深层次问题,依法对减刑、假释活动实行法律监督。长远来看,减刑、假释案件办理应当形成以审判为中心视角下实质化审理的独特证明和办案模式。
Big data can empower the procuratorate in commutation and parole.It is an important method for the procuratorate to carry out substantive review of commutation and parole cases,and an important part of the“procuratorial big data strategy”.It has its unique theoretical foundation and practical advantages,but there are also problems such as insufficient data sharing,slow data update,and insufficient data application.In order to actively adapt to the ever-changing development needs of digital procuratorial work,it is necessary to continuously strengthen research on big data empowerment of sentence reduction,parole supervision model construction and data analysis application.It is important to further strengthen the guidance of big data thinking on commutation and parole,with relevance,authenticity,and legality as the criteria.We should select and collect data on prison supervision,law enforcement and court judgments,and establish one database for the implementation of criminal punishment changes,and other databases related to prison administration,prison conditions,criminal injuries,medical parole,etc.We should use the data algorithm,the data comparison,data collision or the data logical relationship to build a supervised model to conduct substantive reviews of commutation and parole cases in accordance with law,overseeing and correcting violations such as“top”commutations,“stepping on points”commutations,and incorrect calculation of sentences.By further improving the evidence chain,finding deep-seated problems such as violations of regulations,illegal commutation of sentences,the supervision and law enforcement mechanisms and systems behind parole,and jobrelated crimes,we will carry out legal supervision of commutation and parole activities in accordance with the law.In the long run,the handling of commutation and parole cases should form a unique proof and case-handling model for substantive trials from a trial-centered perspective.
作者
张书铭
Zhang Shuming(People's Procuratorate of Guizhou Province;Research Centre for Criminal Enforcement Prosecution of Renmin University of China)
出处
《国家检察官学院学报》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第4期61-76,共16页
Journal of National Prosecutors College
基金
2022年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“大数据分析在巡回检察中的应用”(GJ2022D43)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
大数据
减刑
假释
实质化审查
数字检察
Big Data
Commutation of Sentence
Parole
Substantive Review
Digital Procuratorate
作者简介
张书铭,贵州省人民检察院党组成员、副检察长(挂职),中国人民大学刑事执行检察研究中心研究员。
