摘要
以贵州省不同年代酒用糯高粱品种(系)为研究对象,采用随机区组试验设计,对其干物质积累总量、产量构成以及花后叶面积指数(LAI)、SPAD值动态、光能截获量(Li)进行分析,结果表明:随着年代更替,贵州省酒用糯高粱生产性能逐步提高,新品种(红缨子、黔高8号)较老品系(黑壳糯、红壳糯)产量和干物质积累总量平均分别增加25.5%和23.4%;穗粒数、穗粒重平均分别显著增加44.6%和58.9%;花后LAI平均分别为3.41和2.14,新品种较老品系增加59.3%;花后37d,SPAD值降幅分别为23.8%和81.2%;新品种的光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率较老品系分别增加16.1%和34.3%,胞间CO2浓度降低23.5%;新品种的花期Li较老品系增加8.3%,差异显著。相关分析结果显示,产量、干物质积累总量与Pn、LAI、SPAD值、光能截获量呈极显著正相关,Pn、Li与SPAD值、LAI呈极显著正相关。上述结果表明花后叶片失绿变缓、光化学效率的提高以及Li的增加可能是糯高粱单产随年代更替稳步提升的原因。
The dry matter accumulation, yield composition, dynamic of leaf area index(LAI) and soil plant analysis development(SPAD) value after flowering and light energy interception of waxy sorghum during different stages in Guizhou province were analyzed using a randomized block test design. The results showed that the yield and dry matter accumulation of waxy sorghum increased gradually as the years changed. The new varieties(Hongyingzi, Qiangao8) were compared with the old lines(Heikenuo, Hongkenuo). It was found yield and dry matter accumulation increased by 25.5% and 23.4% respectively. The grain number per panicle and grain weight per panicle increased by 44.6% and 58.9% respectively. The average LAI of the new varieties was 3.41, which increased by 59.3% compared to the old lines(2.14). From flowering to 37 d after flowering, the SPAD value of new varieties and old lines was decreased by 23.8% and 81.2%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and transpiration rate of the new varieties increased by 16.1% and 34.3% respectively compared with the old lines, the intercellular CO2 concentration decreased by 23.5%, and light energy interception(Li) of new varieties increased by 8.3% compared with the old lines. The correlation analysis showed that the yield and total dry matter accumulation were positively correlated with the Pn, LAI, SPAD value, whereas, light energy interception, Pn and Li were positively correlated with the SPAD value and LAI. The above results indicated that the slow loss of green leaves after flowering, improvement of photochemical efficiency and the increase of light energy interception may be the reasons for the yield increase of waxy sorghum with the years passed.
作者
高杰
李青风
李晓荣
封广才
彭秋
Gao Jie;Li Qingfeng;Li Xiaorong;Feng Guangcai;Peng Qiu(Guizhou Institute of Upland Crops/Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,Guizhou,China;Chuxiong Autonomous Prefecture Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chuxiong 675000,Yunnan,China;Poverty Alleviation and Development Office of Qiandongnan Prefecture,Kaili 556000,Guizhou,China)
出处
《作物杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2020年第1期41-46,共6页
Crops
基金
黔农科院青年基金([2017]01号)
国家现代农业产业体系建设专项“国家谷子高粱产业技术体系贵阳综合试验站”(CARS-06-13.5-B26)
贵州省特色旱地粮食作物种质资源创新平台建设项目(黔科中引地(2018)4003)
贵州山地优势特色杂粮研发与转化服务企业能力建设(黔科合服企[2018]4005)
贵州特色植物种质资源利用与创新人才基地(RCJD2018-14).
关键词
高粱
干物质积累
产量构成
光合速率
光能截获
Sorghum
Dry matter accumulation
Yield components
Photosynthetic rate
Light energy interception
作者简介
高杰,主要从事作物栽培、生理生化以及病虫害研究,E-mail:gaojie396300520@163.com;通信作者:彭秋,主要从事高粱育种、栽培及资源研究,E-mail:p5615@sina.com
