摘要
【目的】本试验旨在比较鲜草、苜蓿草颗粒部分替代全价饲料对临武鸭生长和屠宰性能、脏器系数及肉品质的影响,为苜蓿草颗粒在鸭饲料中科学应用提供理论依据。【方法】试验选取体重相近的39日龄临武鸭600羽,公母各半,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组,每组10个重复,每个重复20只。Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ组鸭分别饲喂全价饲料、80%全价饲料+20%苜蓿草颗粒、全价饲料+新鲜饲草,试验周期为30 d。70日龄时从每个重复中挑选接近平均体重的试验鸭,公母各1只,进行屠宰性能测定,采集心脏、肝脏、肌胃、腺胃、脾脏,计算脏器系数,并采集左侧胸肌检测肉品质指标。【结果】①3个组间鸭终末体重和平均日增重均无显著差异(P>0.05),Ⅱ组鸭平均日耗料量和料重比均显著低于其他两组(P<0.05)。②3个组间鸭屠宰率、全净膛率、腹脂率、皮脂率、腿肌率均无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅱ组鸭胸肌率最高,且显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。③除肌胃指数外,其他脏器系数在各组间均无显著差异(P>0.05);Ⅱ组鸭肌胃指数显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。④Ⅱ组鸭胸肌黄度值(b^(*))显著高于Ⅰ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组鸭胸肌蒸煮后剪切力显著高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05),但与Ⅲ组无显著差异(P>0.05),试验Ⅱ和Ⅲ组鸭胸肌蒸煮损失率显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);Ⅰ组鸭胸肌pH 45 min显著低于Ⅱ和Ⅲ组(P<0.05)。【结论】苜蓿草颗粒或鲜草部分替代全价饲料对39~70日龄临武鸭生长和屠宰性能无负面影响,而使用苜蓿草颗粒替代20%全价饲料不仅有效降低了饲料成本而且提升了肉品质。
【Objective】The aim of this study was to compare the effects of granular alfalfa and fresh pasture partially replacing complete feed on growth,slaughter performance,organ index and meat quality of Linwu ducks,and to provide theoretical basis for the scientific application of alfalfa granules in duck feed.【Method】600 Linwu ducks consists of half males and half females with similar body weight at 39 days of age were randomly divided into groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,with 10 replicates per group and 20 ducks per replicate.The ducks in groups Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed complete feed,80% complete feed+20% granular alfalfa and complete feed+fresh pasture,respectively.The experiment period was 30 days.At the age of 70 days,1 male and 1 female ducks close to the average body weight were selected from each replicate for slaughter performance measurement.The heart,liver,muscle stomach,glandular stomach and spleen were collected to measure organ indexs,and the left breast muscle was collected to detect meat quality.【Result】①There were no significant difference on final weight and daily gain of ducks among the three groups(P>0.05),and the average daily feed consumption and F/G of ducks in group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of the other two groups(P<0.05).②There were no significant differences in slaughtering rate,all evisceration rate,abdominal fat percentage,sebaceous fat percentage and leg muscle percentage of ducks among the three groups(P>0.05).The breast muscle rate of ducks in group Ⅱ was the highest and significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05).③Except gizzard index,there were no significant differences on other organ index of ducks among all groups(P>0.05).The gizzard index of ducks in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that of groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).④The yellowness value(b^(*))of breast muscle of ducks in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).The post-cooking shear force of breast muscle of ducks in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.05),but had no significant difference with that in group Ⅲ(P>0.05).The cooking loss rate of ducks in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly lower than that of group Ⅰ(P<0.05).The pH 45 min of breast muscle of ducks in group Ⅰ was significantly lower than that in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P<0.05).【Conclusion】The granular alfalfa and fresh pasture partially replacing complete feed had no negative effects on growth and slaughter performance of Linwu ducks aged 39 to 70 days,and substitution of 20% complete feed with granular alfalfa effectively reduced feed cost and improved meat quality.
作者
黄璇
马玉勇
刘洋
李闯
蒋桂韬
张旭
邓萍
万伟粲
何旭
戴求仲
HUANG Xuan;MA Yuyong;LIU Yang;LI Chuang;JIANG Guitao;ZHANG Xu;DENG Ping;WAN Weican;HE Xu;DAI Qiuzhong(Hunan Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Changsha 410131,China;Hengyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hengyang 421100,China)
出处
《中国畜牧兽医》
北大核心
2025年第3期1159-1165,共7页
China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine
基金
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-42-21)
湖南省重点研发项目(2023NK2043)。
关键词
苜蓿草颗粒
临武鸭
生长性能
肉品质
granular alfalfa
Linwu ducks
growth performance
meat quality
作者简介
黄璇,E-mail:409097385@qq.com;通信作者:戴求仲,E-mail:daiqiuzhong@gmail.com。
