摘要
现有研究往往因为恩格斯在特定时期出于特定需要对《国民经济学批判大纲》做出的消极评价而低估了《大纲》的哲学价值。我们亟需对“竞争”这一核心线索进行深入考察,重构出恩格斯在文本中展现出的“竞争的哲学反思”。私有制保证了竞争的规律发挥作用,竞争本身也依靠私有制而存在。在此框架内,垄断与竞争相互生成。而竞争蕴含的矛盾在于它对主体同一性的撕裂,让主体陷入了无限的自我矛盾之中不可和解。恩格斯深刻地揭示出国民经济学家所鼓吹的竞争是一种披着“互利”外衣的“自利”行为,认为竞争带来了人与自然、人与人的对立,造成了对人的非人化认知,具有深刻的现实启发意义。
Existing studies underestimated the philosophical value of Critical Outline of National Economics because of the negative evaluation of Engels for specific needs in a specific period in his later years.It is urgent to deeply investigate the core clue of competition and reconstruct the“philosophical reflection of competition”shown by Engels in his text.It could help us to have a deeper understanding of Engels’criticism of national economics.Private ownership ensured that the law of competition played a role,and the competition itself also depended on private ownership.Within this framework,monopoly and competition generated each other.The contradiction contained in the competition was that it tore the identity of the subject and made the subject fall into infinite self-contradiction,which could not be reconciled.Engels revealed that the competition advocated by national economists was a“self-interest”behavior dressed in the cloak of“mutual benefit”.Competition brought the opposition between man and nature and between man and man,resulting in the dehumanizing cognition of man.The Outline had profound practical enlightening significance.
作者
林修能
LIN Xiu-neng(School of Marxism,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)
出处
《北京科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2021年第6期614-621,共8页
Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing(Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
竞争
《国民经济学批判大纲》
私有制
垄断
矛盾
competition
Critical Outline of National Economics
private ownership
monopoly
conflict
作者简介
林修能(1998−),男,福建漳州人,北京大学马克思主义学院博士研究生。
