摘要
目的 调查浙江省职业健康体检机构具有相关职业健康检查资质情况,以及各相关部门对GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》的应用情况,为修订和完善该标准提供依据.方法 对浙江省获得省级职业健康检查资质且从事职业健康检查工作2年以上的职业健康检查机构、卫生监督部门和不同规模企业抽样,进行问卷调查,对GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》的关注程度、使用频率、修改意见等.结果 医疗和疾病预防控制部门具有化学物质、粉尘、噪声和高温等因素的职业健康检查资质比例较高,而物理因素、生物因素、特种作业等方面的体检资质较低;同时对GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》的化学因素、粉尘和物理因素关注程度高,对其他项目关注程度较低.医疗、疾病预防控制机构、省级和市级卫生监督部门使用GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》频率较高,县级卫生监督和企业使用频率相对较低.80％以上调查单位认为GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》中职业健康监护内容、应急健康检查规定、职业健康检查报告分类、特殊作业监护等方面应在现有较为丰富的基础上进一步优化;一致强调接触到能导致机体各器官系统损害的化合物,与之相关的岗位应在上岗前、在岗期间职业健康检查时作出明确规定.对目前GBZ 188-2007《职业健康监护技术规范》相关法律法规的满意程度;是否增加对接触有害生物因素作业人员（如森林脑炎）职业健康监护内容,噪声作业在多大强度开展健康监护,接触苯、酚等化合物是否需要增加健康检查项目等问题,各部门尚有分歧.结论 浙江省职业健康检查机构具备化学物质、粉尘、噪声和高温等健康检查资质比例较高,医疗机构、疾病预防控制机构、县级以上卫生监督部门在工作中都能经常使用该标准.对标准修订较一致的意见是增加有害物质种类;相关规定和条款能在现在基础上进一步完善,使新修订的标准更适合新时期职业卫生的要求.
Objective To investigate the possession of occupational health examination qualification among occupational health examination institutions in Zhejiang province,China and the application of GBZ188-2007 ＂Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance＂ among related government departments,and to provide a basis for revising and improving the specifications.Methods A questionnaire survey was carried out among occupational health inspection agencies,health supervision authorities,and enterprises of different sizes,which possessed provincial-level occupation health inspection qualifications and had engaged in occupational health examination for more than 2 years.The investigation included awareness,using frequency,and revision suggestion about GBZ 188-2007 ＂Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance＂.Results Medical institutions and centers for disease control and prevention （CDCs） showed a high rate of occupational health examination qualification possession in chemical substances,dust,noise,and high temperature and a low rate of qualification possession in physical factors,biological factors,special operations,and other aspects.These institutions showed high awareness of chemical substances,dust,and physical factors in GBZ 188-2007 ＂Technical specifications for occupational health surveillance＂ and low awareness of other factors.Medical institutions,CDCs,and provincial and municipal health supervision authorities used these specifications more frequently than county-level authorities and enterprises.More than 80% investigated units believed that the following issues required further optimization：occupational health care,emergency health examination regulations,classification of occupational health inspection reports,and special operation monitoring.It is consistently stressed that for exposure to chemical compounds that may bring harm to various organs of the body,explicit specifications should be made concerning health examination before,during,and after service.Conflicting opinions existed concerning the following issues：satisfaction with GBZ 188-2007 specifications,whether to add contents for care of personnel exposed to biological factors （such as forest encephalitis）,the threshold of noise intensity to perform health care,and whether to add health care for exposure to compounds such as benzene and phenols.Conclusion The occupational health inspection agencies in Zhejiang province have a high rate of qualification possession in health examination concerning chemicals,dust,noise,and high temperature.The medical institutions,CDCs,and health supervision departments above the county level often use the specifications at work.It is consistently recommended that more kinds of harmful substances should be included,and related specifications and issues should be further optimized,in order to better meet the requirement of occupational health care in the new era.
出处
《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第4期264-267,共4页
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases
关键词
职业暴露
多项筛查
参考标准
规范
Occupational exposure
Multiphasic screening
Reference standards
Specifications
作者简介
通信作者：钱亚玲，E-mail：ykyqyl@126．com.
